Influence of Quenching and Subsequent Artificial Aging on Tensile Strength of Laser-Welded Joints of Al–Cu–Li Alloy

Abstract

The research aim was to optimize post-weld heat-treatment (PWHT) modes for a laser-welded joint of the Al–Cu–Li alloy and improve their respective strength properties. As a result, the ultimate tensile strength, yield point, and elongation of the joint were enhanced up to 95%, 94%, and 38%, respectively, of those inherent in the base metal. Before and after PWHT, both microstructures and phase compositions have been examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy, as well as synchrotron X-ray diffractometry. In the as-welded metal, the α-Al and T1(Al2CuLi) phases were found, along with the θ′(Al2Cu) and S′(Al2CuMg) phases localized at the grain boundaries, significantly reducing the mechanical properties of the joint. Upon quenching, the agglomerates dissolved at the grain boundaries, the solid solution was homogenized, and both Guinier–Preston zones and precipitates of the intermediate metastable θ″ phase were formed. After subsequent optimal artificial aging, the (predominant) hardening θ′ and (partial) T1(Al2CuLi) phases were observed in the weld metal, which contributed to the improvement of the strength properties of the joint.