Estudo eletroquímico da recuperação de metais de pilhas e de baterias descartadas após o uso

Abstract

The research aims to recover the major metals present in a lot with the mixture of several types of spent batteries, obtained from a collection station. For this study, battery residue was crushed, reduced in an electric furnace, and subjected to magnetic separation and leaching. The chemical composition after leaching was reproduced in a synthetic solution, which was subjected to extraction by solvents, and re-extracted. The stripped solutions were used as electrolytes. Manganese, copper, cobalt and nickel were recovered in metallic form after a treatment that included pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical and electrochemical steps. Previous studies have defined the parameters of the pyrometallurgical steps, leaching and liquid-liquid extraction which provided more selective separation of metallic ions than was intended to recover. The contribution of this study is to find a process that involves all batteries types and recovers the more important metals, eliminating the battery separation step. Films were analyzed as to their thickness and composition.