ESTUDO DA VULNERABILIDADE À POLUIÇÃO DO AQUÍFERO MARIZAL NA REGIÃO DE INFLUÊNCIA DO PÓLO INDUSTRIAL DE CAMAÇARI (PIC) - BAHIA

Abstract

This study evaluated the Marizal aquifer vulnerability in the Camaçari Industrial District (PIC)'s region of influence using DRASTIC method and GIS. The studied region is located between two river basins: Joanes and Jacuípe, which present hydraulic connections with local aquifers. In this region the use of groundwater for multiple purposes (drinking and industry) has been growing in large scale and in a disorderly manner, especially in the urban areas, which may cause irreversible damages for local aquifers. Based on the properties involved on the DRASTIC method: geologic, hydrogeologic, topographic, soil, climate/recharge, it was possible to identify the vulnerable aqui-fer zones. The map of natural vulnerability of the Marizal aquifer showed that, 18.5% (44.1 km 2) of the studied area has low to very low vulnerability index, corresponding to the urban area of Camaçari city. Moderate vulnerability occurred on 61.7% (147.4 km 2) of the studied area, which is dedicated to industrial activities. The vulnerability ranging from high to extremely high occurred on 19.8% (47.5 km 2) of the remaining area, located in the northern region, which coincides with the discharge region of the unconfined aquifer underlying the PIC, and the urban area of Nova Dias D'Ávila.