Anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory flavonoid constituents from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis

Abstract

A chemical investigation on the leaves of Lawsonia inermis led to the isolation and identification of five known and rare flavonoids, apigenin (1), 5, 7, 4 - trihydroxy-6, 3, 5-trimethoxyflavone (2), pectolinarigenin (3), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (4), and pectolinarin (5). Their structures were established on the basis of chromatography and spectroscopic evidence and comparisons with literature data. Antimicrobial and carrageenan induced paw edema in male albino rats were determined. Compounds 4 and 5 showed the most powerful antimicrobial effect against Escherichia coli and Aspergillus flavus at the dose of 200 mg/kg. Compound 2 showed pronounced anti-inflammatory effects (3.17±0.15 after 3 h of injection), slightly higher than that of other four compounds.