Association of the uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women: evidence from NHANES 2005–2016

Abstract

Background: The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) in postmenopausal women remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between these variables and to evaluate the potential interaction between UHR and waist circumference (WC). Methods: Data from 5,155 postmenopausal women who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2016 were included in this cross­sectional investigation. Weighted regression analysis served as the primary methodology employed to examine the association between UHR and vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, interaction analysis, sensitivity analysis, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were also conducted. Results: According to multivariate adjusted analysis, vitamin D deficiency was positively correlated with UHR (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07). The risk of vitamin D deficiency in the highest quartile population of UHR was significantly higher than that in the lowest quartile population (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.36–2.27). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was negatively correlated with UHR (β= -0.74, 95% CI: -1- -0.47). Vitamin D deficiency has a linear dose-response relationship with UHR. In addition, the study also discovered the interaction between UHR and WC. Conclusions: The UHR level in postmenopausal women is positively associated with vitamin D deficiency. Managing WC may contribute to reducing the risk of vitamin D deficiency in individuals with elevated UHR.