Intervention of Stunting Prevention in Preconception Period: Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting is a global issue in various regions of the world. Reducing stunting is one of the goals in the Global Nutrition Targets for 2025 with target of reducing the number of stunting under-fives by 40%. Currently, stunting control programs are more focused on the period of pregnancy to toddlers. The stunting prevention program during the preconception period is important in reduce stunting, with the intervention target being women of childbearing age which include adolescents, prospective brides and mothers who delay pregnancy. Objective: This study aims to describe of interventions conducted for stunting control during the preconception period. Methods: The method of this study is scoping review with PRISMA approach. Literature searches were carried out using electronic databases such as PubMed, ProQuest and Science Direct. Literature review is conducted in an international journal published in the last 5 years, available in full text and is not the result of a review. Results: Interventions in stunting control during the preconception, namely preconception maternal nutrition and preconception education training. The intervention is related to improving nutritional status which focuses on providing maternal nutrition, especially since the preconception period. The results of the intervention showed that the provision of nutrition from the preconception period was effective in reducing the incidence of stunting. Providing education during the preconception period can increase the knowledge of prospective mothers in preparing for a healthy pregnancy. Conclusion: Preparation of preconception nutrition is important in preventing stunting. Preconception health education is useful for increasing knowledge in stunting prevention. Prevention of stunting from the preconception period is expected to produce a healthy generation because of a well-prepared pregnancy.