Psoriatic arthritis with hyperuricemia: more peripheral, destructive, and challenging to treat

Abstract

Objective: To study the impact of hyperuricemia on clinical presentation, severity, and associated comorbidities of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods: Retrospective bicentric case–control study performed in Strasbourg and Colmar, France, from 2009 to 2019. Patients with PsA (according to ICD-10 coding) and at least one available serum urate (SU) measurement were included. Demographic, comorbidities, clinical, and radiographic data were collected. Hyperuricemia was defined as SU level ≥ 360 µmol/L. Results: We included 242 patients: 73 (30.2%) had hyperuricemia and 15 (6.2%) met 2015 ACR/EULAR criteria for gout. On univariate analysis, as compared with normo-uricemic patients, hyperuricemic patients were more frequently male (72.6% vs 39.1%, p = 1.6 × 10−6) with higher body mass index (30.9 vs 28.7 kg/m2, p = 0.015) and more comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity index: 2.6 vs 1.8, p = 0.005). PsA started at an older age (47.5 vs 43 years, p = 0.016) was more polyarticular (56.2% vs 41.9%, p = 0.049) than axial (9.6% vs 22.8%, p = 0.019) and more destructive (52.8% vs 37.4%, p = 0.032). PsA patients with joint destruction more frequently had hyperuricemia than did others (37.6% vs 25.8%, p = 0.047). Multivariable analysis confirmed the association of hyperuricemic PsA with peripheral joint involvement (odds ratio 2.98; 95% confidence interval 1.15–7.75; p = 0.025) and less good response to treatment (0.35; 0.15–0.87; p = 0.024). Conclusion: Patients with hyperuricemic PsA show poorer response to PsA treatment and have more peripheral and destructive joint damage than normo-uricemic patients.Key Points• Gout and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) can co-exist in the same patient.• Monosodium urate crystals might have a deleterious impact on PsA.• Hyperuricemic PsA is more polyarticular, less frequently axial, and more destructive than normo-uricemic PsA.• PsA with hyperuricemia should lead to more personalized medicine.