Morphological Studies of Nucleologenesis in Giardia lamblia

Abstract

The nucleolus is a nuclear organelle involved in ribosome biogenesis. In most eukaryotes this structure disperses during prophase through anaphase and reorganizes at telophase by a process known as nucleologenesis. This process involves new transcription of ribosomal DNA at the nucleolar organizer region and the formation of prenucleolar bodies fusing to it. In Giardia lamblia, for a long time considered the only anucleolated eukaryote, a very small nucleolus has been recently described. In order to evaluate whether nucleologenesis is also present in Giardia, we analyzed the distribution of nucleolar material during telophase using different light and electron microscopy techniques including silver staining for the nucleolar organizer. Results indicate that in G. lamblia, nucleolar elements persist mainly as an intranuclear peripheral organelle during all stages of division, including telophase, however, no prenucleolar bodies are detected in the nucleoplasm. Therefore, in the parasite, nucleolar material is present throughout cell division including telophase and formation of prenucleolar bodies may not be required for nucleologenesis. Anat Rec, 299:549-556, 2016.