Sustainable and Inclusive Education Reform in Türkiye: A Cipp Evaluation of the Primary Turkish Language Curriculum †

Abstract

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the newly restructured 1st Grade Turkish Language Curriculum within the “Century of Türkiye Education Model” using Stufflebeam’s Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) framework. The aim is to examine the program’s contribution to sustainable and inclusive educational practices and to provide implications for similar developing contexts. In the research, a convergent parallel mixed method design was used simultaneously with 112 primary school teachers working in Adana, one of the largest cities in Türkiye, in the 2024–2025 academic year. Quantitative data were obtained through the CIPP Evaluation Scale, analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA, while qualitative data from semi-structured interviews were subjected to content analysis. Results indicated generally positive teacher perceptions, highlighting contextual relevance, cultural alignment, flexible structure, and engaging content as strengths. However, limitations included insufficient adaptation for disadvantaged students, superficiality in some content, infrastructure inequalities, and assessment inadequacies. Process-related strengths included constructivist activities and instructional guidance, though time constraints and classroom incompatibilities were noted. In terms of outcomes, the program was found to enhance language and social skills. Demographic analyses revealed limited differences, mainly by gender, professional experience, and educational background. This study concludes with multidimensional recommendations addressing teacher training, resource equity, assessment diversity, international best practice adaptation, and future longitudinal research.