Crystal structure of diacetylene unveiled by X-ray and neutron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and periodic DFT

Abstract

Combining powder X-ray and neutron diffraction, the first crystallographic characterization of diacetylene (IUPAC designation 1,3-butadiyne) is presented and supplemented by Raman spectroscopy and periodic-DFT calculations. The structure is described in the space group Pnma, with a = 9.348(2), b = 5.9890(6), c = 5.6746(11)Å and V = 317.69(6)Å3 at 5K, with four molecules in the unit cell resulting in a density of 1.0466gcm-3. The diacetylene molecules are arranged in a layered structure dominated by C - H-π interactions, which leads to anisotropic thermal expansion behaviour. No structural phase transitions were observed across the 5-220K temperature range at ambient pressure. The structural similarity with acetylene identifies it as a potential cocrystal component of particular importance for Titan's surface chemistry in view of the upcoming NASA Dragonfly mission.