Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using fresh stem of cissus quadrangularis extract and its various in vitro studies

Abstract

The green synthesis of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles is a growing research area due to the potential applications in the growth of novel technologies. The present work reports low-cost, green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Cissus quadrangularis stems extract. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV, FTIR, XRD and SEM. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with the size ranging from 23 to 64 nm. In the present study the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for various in vitro activities such as antihelmintic, antibacterial, antiarthritic and antioxidant activities. Zinc oxide nanoparticles demonstrated antioxidant activity by scavenging 36 % hydrogen peroxide at 100 ?g/mL and revealed excellent antihelmintic effect by show casing the death of the worm at all the concentrations at different times. The antibacterial study was done by agar-well diffusion method and the maximum inhibition zones around the ZnO nanoparticles were observed in E. coli followed by S. aureus, Listeria sp, Salmonella sp and Klebsiella sp. The percentage stabilization of aqueous extract was found to be 93 % inhibition on bovine serum albumin method and 91 % inhibition on egg albumin denaturation method which confirms the antiarthritic activity. Therefore, the study reveals an eco-friendly, efficient and simple method for the green synthesis of multifunctional ZnO nanoparticles using green synthetic approach.