Fuzzy C-Means for Regional Clustering in East Java Province Based on Human Development Index Indicators

Abstract

The Human Development Index (HDI) is the UN's key metric for gauging human advancement within a country, blending vital elements like per capita income, life expectancy, and education. In Indonesia, the HDI assesses societal well-being, with East Java's HDI lagging behind national and governmental targets despite mitigation efforts. To address this, the study utilizes Fuzzy C-Means clustering to classify East Java's regions based on HDI indicators, revealing five optimal groups via pseudo-F-statistic analysis. One-way MANOVA confirms variations among these groups, while One-Way ANOVA validates the significance of the four HDI indicators in categorization. The HDI-based categorization denotes Group 3 as high-status, Group 1 as low-status, Group 2 as moderately high-status, Group 4 as moderate, and Group 5 as moderately low-status. Consequently, it's advised that the government concentrates on improving low-HDI groups to uplift East Java's populace. This research can serve as a cornerstone for policymakers and stakeholders in their efforts to enhance the HDI in this region.