The effect of uncaria gambir roxb. Extract on superoxide dismutase activity in proteinuric wistar rats model

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nephrotic syndrome is a glomerular disease that is most often found in children with proteinuric as clinical manifestation. Gambier extract is a traditional medicine that has antioxidant effect. Its use to treat proteinuric has never been done. Therefore, we conducted an analytical study on the effect of Gambier on proteinuric and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in proteinuric Wistar rat’s model. This research is an experimental study with a post-test control group design. AIM: The aim is analyzing the effect of giving Gambier extract in decreasing urinary proteincreatinine ratio and increasing SOD activity. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were given an injection of puromycin aminonucleoside 1.5 mg/100 g body weight (BW), subcutaneously for 5 consecutive days for being nephrosis. The experimental animals in this study were divided into four groups: K1, the control group, consists of group of rats that were injected with 0.15 ml/100 g BW of aquabidest and not given Gambier extract. While K2 group consists of rats induced by puromycin and given 1 ml of aquabidest, K3 consists of groups of rats induced by puromycin and then given Gambier extract 26 mg/200 g BW. Group K4 consists of rats induced by puromycin and then given 80 mg/200 g BW of Gambier extract. The four groups were given treatment for 14 days, after which the rats were placed in a metabolic cage for 24 h to collect urine samples and then knocked down with ketamine for intracardiac blood collection. RESULTS: The results of this study showed differences between the four groups of rats in terms of the mean urine protein/creatinine ratio (p = 0.015) and SOD activity (p = 0.036). Groups of rats that were given Gambier extracts 80 mg/200 g BW had lower urine protein/creatinine ratio and higher SOD activity. CONCLUSION: Therapy of Gambier 80 mg/200 g BW is better in managing proteinuric compared to 26 mg/200 g.