Evidence of non-invasive ventilation in Acute Pulmonary Edema: an integrative review

Abstract

Introduction: Acute pulmonary edema is a multifactorial clinical syndrome in which there is accumulation of fluid in the pulmonary interstitium and alveolar spaces. It is considered a clinical emergency and one of the main causes of hospitalization, represents one of the main causes of hypoxemic acute respiratory failure, and its severity will depend on the amount of fluid accumulated in the lungs. Initially, when the individual has lower accumulations, he/she will present aquidyspnea, shorthand, and bilateral basal stumour in pulmonary auscultation. Objective: To verify in the literature the existence of evidence of the use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the reversibility of acute pulmonary edema. Metodhology: Through the 6 phases of the integrative review, we were able to organize the research in a way that is understandable and accessible so that the data are used as evidence in clinical practice. In order to answer the question presented for the review, bibliographic research of publications indexed in the following databases was performed: MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Results: A total of 1,584 studies were found in the databases, with only 3 articles being included in the discussion because they better answered the research question. Conclusion: On the available literature, it is suggested that therapy may benefit patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and that a greater number of studies may elucidate the best treatment of individuals affected by the disease using non-invasive ventilation as a more assertive resource.