Dangerous monoamine oxidase inhibitor interactions are still occurring in the 1990s

Abstract

The clinical course is described of a 28-year-old woman who was severely ill following ingestion of a Do-Do tablet (which consists of ephedrine, caffeine and theophylline), 24 h after discontinuing phenelzine treatment. Signs and symptoms were delayed for 8 h after which she developed encephalopathy, neuromuscular irritability, hypotension, sinus tachycardia, rhabdomyolysis and hyperthermia. Her illness was complicated by pneumonia and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The management of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) toxicity, which can arise from interactions and overdoses, is discussed. It should be remembered that, despite the increase in use of alternative and safer antidepressants, MAOI interactions still occur and unless they are managed appropriately, are potentially fatal. Patients need to be warned that restrictions apply for up to 2 weeks after stopping the medication, and doctors need to be aware that serious interactions can occur in this time period.