Propagación in vitro de selecciones de Guayabo (Psidium guajava L.)

Abstract

In vitro propagation of guava (Psidium guajava L.) shoots by direct organogenesis is an alternative to quickly obtain productive plants. This work optimized a protocol for in vitro regeneration from apexes and nodal segments of five different guava genotypes with high commercial potential Paluma 12 (PM12), Paluma 6 (PM6), 17-06, Roja Exterior Redonda (RER) and Roja Chapeada Grande (CHRG). The effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PPVP) was evaluated as an antioxidant. Genotypes RER and CHRG showed low phenolization problems of 10 y 0 %, respectively. In the multiplication phase, genotypes PM6 and PM12 showed the best results when their shoots were grown on Murashige y Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 30 mg L-1 adenine; meanwhile var. 17-06 developed better by addition of 15 mg L-1 of adenine sulfate. Addition of 40 mg L-1 of adenine sulfate resulted in the best treatment for vars. RER and CHRG. Rooting was induced by 24 h of shoot incubation on MS medium supplemented with 2.54 mg L-1 IAA for var. 17-06, while IBA at 1.34 mg L-1 induced rooting in cvs. PM6 and RER; IBA concentration had to be increased to 2.94 mg L-1 for better rooting in var. CHRG and PM12.