Characteristics of Hydrolytic Exoenzyme Bacteria Isolated from the Intestines of Caught Jerbung Shrimp Fenneropenaeus merguiensis

Abstract

Jerbung shrimp (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis De Man 1888) is an important economic organism but little information is available about the composition of hydrolytic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially on Jerbung shrimp. Bacteria that produce hydrolytic exoenzymes are very important to study due to their contribution to metabolism and industrial bioprocesses. This study aimed to analyze the proportion of hydrolytic bacteria and the presence of LAB in the digestive tract of Jerbung shrimp and to genetically characterize the enzyme-producing bacteria. The research was carried out by survey from two different waters, including the North Java Sea and the South Java Sea. Observation characteristics were carried out on hydrolytic bacteria for protein, starch, fat and cellulose. The proportions between activities provide an overview of how the tests differ from one another. Taxonomic classification based on 16S rRNA gene sequences in enzyme-producing isolates revealed that the fourteen isolates were grouped into four different bacterial classes. The order of Bacillales is the highly at 38.9%, followed by Lactobacillales, Gammaproteobacteria and Staphylococcales at 33.3, 17.0 and 11.1%, respectively. Measuring enzyme production using the agar diffusion technique shows that the presence of hydrolytic bacteria varies between enzyme types. There were the highest proportions of amylolytic bacteria at 75.3%, followed by proteolytic bacteria at 61.3, cellulolytic bacteria at 45.3 and lipolytic bacteria at 37.3%.