Influence of sotalol on the time constant of isovolumic left ventricular relaxation in anesthetized dogs

Abstract

Objective - To determine the effects of various doses of sotalol on myocardial relaxation in healthy dogs. Animals - 12 healthy adult mixed- breed dogs anesthetized with thiopental and α-chloralose. Procedures - Left ventricular pressure (LVP), aortic pressure, and aortic flow velocity were measured. The time constant of isovolumic relaxation (τ) was determined by means of linear regression of the natural logarithm of LVP and by means of direct measurement from the LVP-versus-time curve. Sotalol was administered IV at cumulative doses of 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg to 6 dogs; the other 6 were used as controls. Mean systolic aortic pressure was used to assess afterload, and maximal rate of increase in LVP versus time (dP/dt) was used as an index of contractility. Results - After administration of the first dose of sotalol, τ was increased significantly, and maximum dP/dt was decreased significantly, compared with baseline values. Administration of additional doses of sotalol did not result in any additional change in τ, but maximum dP/dt increased, and maximum dP/dt after administration of the final dose of sotalol was significantly higher than maximum dP/dt after administration of the first dose. There were no significant changes in mean systolic aortic pressure. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - In healthy dogs, sotalol did not have any negative effect on myocardial relaxation beyond those attributable to its β-blocking properties, despite an increase in intracellular ionized calcium concentration, as suggested by an increase in maximum dP/dt after an initial decrease.