Investigation into the current state of self-care abilities and analysis of associated influencing factors among deaf individuals with tumors

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the current status of self-care abilities among hearing-impaired cancer patients and analyze the associated influencing factors. Based on these findings, this study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for developing targeted medical care and health education interventions for this population, ultimately formulating a practical nursing program tailored to their unique needs. Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 116 hearing-impaired cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection involved 3 standardized tools: a self-designed demographic questionnaire, the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA), and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the baseline characteristics, while multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify significant predictors of self-care ability. Results: The cross-sectional survey revealed that participants had an average ESCA score of 99.55 ± 19.53 and a mean PSSS score of 58.14 ± 9.32. Statistical analysis identified several key factors influencing self-care ability, including the presence/absence of aphasia (P < 0.001); Duration of hearing loss (P < 0.01); Place of daily residence (P < 0.001); Communication methods (P < 0.05); Family economic status (P < 0.001); and Perceived level of social support (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Hearing-impaired cancer patients exhibit moderate self-care abilities overall. There is a positive correlation between perceived social support levels and self-care ability. Critical predictors of self-care ability include demographic characteristics (residential status, duration of hearing loss), clinical features (aphasia), communication patterns, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status. This study provides valuable insights for developing targeted interventions to enhance self-care capabilities in hearing-mpaired cancer patients, emphasizing the importance of addressing both personal and environmental factors.