Bacterial association in urinary tract infection and their drug resistance among patients in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common infection worldwide and drug resistance makes the treatment more difficult which may lead to complications along with extended hospital stay. Therefore, this study was designed to find out the prevalence of UTI, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates collected from patients of UTI.Methods: This study was conducted among 1,760 suspected UTI patients from January 2019 to November 2020. Urine samples from mid-stream were transferred to microbiology laboratory following microbiological standard protocol. Microbial identification was performed by microscopy, colony morphology, and biochemical characteristics. Antibiogram was pursued following the standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: Our study showed almost 30% of samples were positive and E. coli was found as the highest predominating organism (50.09%) followed by Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus spp., and Citrobacter spp. The percentage of infection in females was 65.28% which is higher than males. The highest prevalence of UTI has been observed in females aged 21-30 years and males aged 31-40 years. However, E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. showed the highest resistance against Amoxiclav whereas, Klebsiella spp. showed it against co-trimoxazole. Citrobacter spp. showed 100% resistance towards Amikacin, cefixime, nalidixic acid, co-trimoxazole, amoxiclav, ceftazidime, and Enterococcus spp. showed against nalidixic acid and amoxiclav. Moreover, 95.8% isolates collected were resistant towards 3 or more than 3 antibiotics which is very alarming.Conclusions: Changing trend in antibiotic sensitivity profile of the isolates needs to be monitored as there is limited availability of newer drugs.