Methodological Insights Involving Subject Matter Experts in Community Research: An Example From a Black Older Adults Qualitative Research Study

Abstract

Background: Subject Matter Experts (SME) play a fundamental role in shaping community-based research. Engaging SMEs (Phase 1) prior to community involvement (Phase 2) is imperative for generative and fruitful research. Despite the extensive body of literature on community engagement and the important role of SMEs, this literature is often coupled with a lack of clarity behind step-by-step guides of what that process may look like. Aim: Through Phase 1 of The Needs Evaluation to Learn Valuable Information about Aging in Canada (NELVIA-Can) study, focusing on Black older adults in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), we aim to discuss the salience and methods behind SMEs as a critical component of community-based research in informing study design and development. Methods: We conducted remote semi-structured interviews with SMEs where they gave input on study materials and procedures. SMEs included those with professional and personal working experiences with Black older adults (e.g., caregivers, academics, healthcare providers, and directors of community organizations). The interviews were recorded and transcribed. A content analysis was conducted with a three-member coding team to better understand the challenges and solution strategies that Black older adults experience, as well as recommendations for the study procedure and potential ways to ensure the study is culturally relevant. Results: Six methodologically insightful themes emerged from the data analysis, including (1) cultural context and cultural safety, (2) awareness of challenges that Black older adults face, (3) tailoring the research process to center the community’s diversity, (4) the critical role of trust and strategies for building trust, (5) uncovering research and healthcare gaps, and (6) intergenerational engagement in creating age-friendly communities. Conclusion: Findings will inform the design of a needs assessment for Black older adults in the GTA, as well as the development of technologies and policies that centralize Black older adults’ needs, preferences, and abilities.