Palm empty fruit bunch gasifier characterization using Eulerian-Lagrangian CFD modelling

Abstract

Energy efficiency is crucial for many developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the solutions is to shift fossil fuels to an alternative source of energy, like biomass which is also available abundantly. Biomass conversion technique like gasification using palm empty fruit bunch is essential considering its potential in Indonesia. Advanced technology with a cost-effective and highly efficient gasification process is required to promote this method, especially in a rural area. Computational analysis for design and initial study is mandatory because gasification involves complicated chemical reactions. Biomass gasification characteristic was investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) program STAR CCM+. The Eulerian-Lagrangian concept was employed to model the gaseous phase (air) and solid phase (biomass particles) of biomass gasifier accordingly. Each of the gasification syngas formation - i.e., CO, N2, CH4, and H2 respectively - were analyzed. The objective of this paper is to characterize biomass gasification steps started with drying, thermal decomposition/pyrolysis, partial combustion of gases, vapor, and char, and finished with the gasification of decomposed products.