Applications of Local Microorganism (MOL) in The Processing of Waste Leaves and Twig with On Site Solid Waste Processing Technology (TOSS)

Abstract

The On-Site Solid Waste Processing Technology (TOSS) revolutionized organic and biomass waste conversion into fuel pellets. In this study, we compared outcomes when bio-drying leaf and twig waste with added local microorganisms (MOL) from tuna and bagasse waste, alongside the AR124 bio-activator. Biomass pellet quality was assessed against SNI 8966:2021 standards and previous research. Microorganism identification determined the activator's constituents. TOSS involved three phases: enumeration, bio-drying, and pelletization. Initially, waste was chopped, and MOL facilitated bio-drying. Subsequently, waste transformed into biomass pellets using a pellet machine. Incorporating AR124 and MOL bio-activators yielded similar quality outcomes, effectively reducing water content and enhancing calorific value compared to variations without activators. Microorganisms identified in MOL and AR124 bio-activators were Candida sp. and Bacillus sp. Compliant with SNI regulations, all biomass pellets met quality standards. Moisture content ranged from 7.67 ± 0.58% to 11.33 ± 2.08%, volatile content from 65 ± 1.00% to 69.33 ± 6.66%, ash content from 13.00 ± 3.61% to 13.67 ± 4.93%, fixed carbon from 5.67 ± 2.08% to 14 ± 5.29%, and heating value from 268.09 ± 2.82 kcal/kg to 3512.17 ± 298.95 kcal/kg.