Frequency, Epidemiology and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted to Nephrology Center, Sana’a: Observational Study

Abstract

Although acute kidney injury (AKI) in our setting is growing rapidly, the available data on the magnitude of this lethal problem are very li mited. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, epi demiology and outcome of AKI. A total of 143 hospitalized patients wit h AKI in Al Thawra General Hospital, nephrology department between Jul y 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. The mean age of the study popu lation was 37.7 ± 8.4 years, and 68.5% of these patients were males. A lmost 81.8% of cases were medically referred and malarial infection wa s the commonest cause of AKI (23%). Pre renal AKI was present in 65 pa tients (45.4%) and renal AKI in 78 patients (54.5%). Most cases were p resented with clinical manifestation of volume overload (65%), oliguri a (51.7%), anuria (16.7%), and high serum creatinine level. The majori ty of cases (58.7%) had recovered without dialysis. In-hospital mortal ity was observed in 11 patients (7.7%). Hepatic failure and malarial i nfection were the common causes of death. This study demonstrates low frequency of AKI in our setting. The etiologies of this lethal health problem are preventable and treatable in approximately half of cases. Late referral to hospital may contribute both to the progression of re nal disease and also to high mortality.