Expression of two long noncoding ribonucleic acids (growth arrest-specific 5 and H19) in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Relation to clinical characteristics and disease activity

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relatively common autoimmune disease in which genetic risk factors are well defined. Genetic studies are promising in exploring the long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs): growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) and H19, and their possible role in the assessment of RA. Aim of the Work: The aim of the study was to describe the expression of GAS5 and H19 in serum samples of Egyptian RA patients in comparison to healthy controls, then to investigate its possible relation to RA clinical characteristics and disease activity. Patients and Methods: Levels of GAS5 and H19 expression were compared in serum samples from Egyptian RA patients (n = 100) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 100) and then correlated within the RA group to disease activity measured by the Disease Activity Score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Results: GAS5 was downregulated (0.59 ± 0.36), while H19 was upregulated (7.41 ± 1.3) in sera of Egyptian RA patients in comparison with controls (1.07 ± 0.09 and 1.1 ± 0.09 respectively). Further analysis showed a significant negative correlation of GAS5 to DAS28-ESR (r = -0.380). However, H19 showed a positive correlation to DAS28-ESR (r = 0.487 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: GAS5 was related to less disease activity, while H19 tended to be associated with more active disease. They might be useful in RA as potential biomarkers for disease activity assessment in the following years. Still, further researches are needed to support our findings and precisely determine their potential utility in RA.