Occupational Safety and Health Risk Analysis in Chemical Anchor Installation: HIRARC Method and Fishbone Diagram

Abstract

Introduction: The implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is an essential aspect of construction activities to prevent accidents and occupational diseases. One of the high-risk tasks in construction is the installation of chemical anchors, which involves concrete drilling, chemical adhesive injection, and rebar placement. These activities present potential hazards such as chemical exposure, noise, and physical injury from equipment use. Objective: This study aims to identify potential hazards, assess risk levels, analyze the main causes of work accidents, and formulate appropriate risk control strategies in chemical anchor installation. Method: This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) and fishbone analysis methods. Data were collected through field observations, interviews, and documentation of work activities. Result: The results identified seven stages of work activities with 22 potential hazards. Risk assessment showed that 71% of activities were classified as low risk and 29% as moderate risk. Human and procedural factors were the main contributors to risk, primarily due to insufficient training and non-compliance with safety procedures.