Insecticidal efficiency of some green-based formulations on Spodoptera littoralis and their side effects on albino rats

Abstract

Background and Objective: Insecticides were broadly utilized to suppress particular species of insects; it contaminates crop products, groundwater, soil and the environment, health risks to humans. This research intended to study the physico-chemical properties of some prepared green-based formulations namely, Laury, Orego and Rosa compared with a commercial formulation (Pestban), as well as, their efficiency in both laboratory and field against Spodoptera littoralis. The biochemical and histopathological alterations after treating with these formulations were also examined. Materials and Methods: Three types of formulations were naturally prepared using mineral and vegetable oils. Physical and chemical characteristics of the tested formulations were determined. The insecticidal efficiency under laboratory and semi-field conditions was evaluated, the toxicological studies were also investigated and statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance, the LC50 and LC90 values were calculated using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Rosa was the most potent with LC90 value of 2.54%, followed by Laury and Orego with 3.78 and 6.18%, respectively. All tested natural based formulations were less toxic to the larvae than the reference insecticide, Pestban. Concerning the semi-field evaluation, the effectiveness of the tested formulations was similar to the laboratory studies, where they ranked descending as, Rosa, Laury and Orego. The side effects of the green-based formulations on liver and kidney of male rats were safe, whether, chemically or histopathologically, while, Pestban revealed adverse effects. Conclusion: The prepared green-based formulations have potential effects against S. littoralis. The toxicological studies demonstrated no evidence of toxicity and no biochemical changes in both liver and kidney biomarkers.