Remote Excitation of Tip-Enhanced Photoluminescence with a Parallel AgNW Coupler

Abstract

Tip-enhanced photoluminescence (TEPL) microscopy allows for the correlation of scanning probe microscopic images and photoluminescent spectra at the nanoscale level in a similar way to tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) microscopy. However, due to the higher cross-section of fluorescence compared to Raman scattering, the diffraction-limited background signal generated by far-field excitation is a limiting factor in the achievable spatial resolution of TEPL. Here, we demonstrate a way to overcome this drawback by using remote excitation TEPL (RE-TEPL). With this approach, the excitation and detection positions are spatially separated, minimizing the far-field contribution. Two probe designs are evaluated, both experimentally and via simulations. The first system consists of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through photoinduced deposition on a silver nanowire (AgNW), and the second system consists of two offset parallel AgNWs. This latter coupler system shows a higher coupling efficiency and is used to successfully demonstrate RE-TEPL spectral mapping on a MoSe2/WSe2 lateral heterostructure to reveal spatial heterogeneity at the heterojunction.