Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Primary School Students’ Writing Skills: The Impact of ChatGPT on Creative Writing and Writing Self-Efficacy

Abstract

Rapid developments in artificial intelligence can impact numerous individuals, fields, and sectors in diverse ways. ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, is one of the prominent models of artificial intelligence. The current study aims to examine the effect of ChatGPT on the creative writing skills and writing self-efficacy of fourth-grade primary school students. ChatGPT’s feedback mechanism was used with students at the primary education level under teacher guidance. This research adopted a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups, conducted within a quantitative research method framework. The participants included 10-year-old students in the experimental group (n = 31) and the control group (n = 31). Data were collected using the Creative Writing Self-Efficacy Scale and a Creative Writing Product Evaluation Scale. According to the results of a study conducted in Van, Türkiye, in early 2025, ChatGPT is effective in developing creative writing and writing self-efficacy skills with its feedback feature. Based on these results, it is recommended that ChatGPT be integrated into primary school teaching practices and curricula.