Security and Privacy in Physical Activity Chatbots on Social Media: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Background and objective: Social media physical activity chatbots use both chatbots and social media platforms for physical activity promotion and, thus, could face privacy and security challenges inherent in both technologies. This study aims to provide an overview of physical activity chatbot interventions delivered via social media platforms, specifically focusing on security and privacy measures. Methods: We conducted a scoping review on this topic across 4 databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore. We extracted and summarised information on the author, population, country of study, social media platform, intervention, data processed (i.e. gathered or stored), and security/privacy measures. Results: Out of 1299 identified articles, 12 were included in the analysis reporting about 9 different chatbots. Although all chatbots applied data processing methods, only a few considered anonymisation. One paper stated compliance with the General Data Protection Regulations. Other studies enforced some verification procedures before chatbot use. Conclusion: Current research fails to adequately report security considerations in social media physical activity chatbot design. However, integration of chatbots into social media platforms seems to be declining, possibly due to security concerns.