Risk factors for malnutrition at two years of corrected age in preterm infants under 32 weeks

Abstract

Post-discharge nutrition of preterm newborns must avoid excessive or insufficient weight gain and optimal length and head circumference growth. In Chile, premature infants less than 32 weeks at birth receive fortified formulas during the first year, unless they are exclusively breastfed. Objective: To describe growth and identify the risk of malnutrition at 24 months. Patients and Method: Retrospective cohort study that analyzes growth from birth to 2 years of corrected age in preterm patients < 32 weeks of gestational age. Z-score of weight, length, head circumference, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were analyzed. Factors related to Z BMI at 24 months were analyzed as follows: Eutrophic: Z BMI between-1 and +1; Overweight: Z BMI > +1; Underweight: Z BMI 1460 g: OR 5.77 (2.11-15.77) and Z BMI > 1.6 at 6 months: OR 2.67 (1.91-3.74); underweight risk was associated with birth weight < 1000g: OR 3.1 (1.1-8.8) and Z BMI