Buoyancy driven Flow of a Second-Grade Nanofluid flow Taking into Account the Arrhenius Activation Energy and Elastic Deformation: Models and Numerical Results

Abstract

The buoyancy driven flow of a second-grade nanofluid in the presence of a binary chemical reaction is analyzed in the context of a model based on the balance equations for mass, species concentration, momentum and energy. The elastic properties of the considered fluid are taken into account. The two-dimensional slip flow of such non-Newtonian fluid over a porous flat material which is stretched vertically upwards is considered. The role played by the activation energy is accounted for through an exponent form modified Arrhenius function added to the Buongiorno model for the nanofluid concentration. The effects of thermal radiation are also examined. A similarity transformations is used to turn the problem based on partial differential equations into a system of ordinary differential equations. The resulting system is solved using a fourth order RK and shooting methods. The velocity profile, temperature profile, concentration profile, local skin friction, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are reported for several circumstances. The influence of the chemical reaction on the properties of the concentration and momentum boundary layers is critically discussed.