Understanding the failure of Bioglass 8625 transponder capsules used in tracking blackbuck antelopes

Abstract

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems are used in a variety of applications, with animal tracking as one of them. In order to be safely implanted in animals, the RFID systems are embedded in Bioglass 8625 capsules. Although these Bioglass transponder chips have proven to be successful in household pets, there is a major concern regarding their use in male Blackbuck antelope where a significant level of failure has been reported. Since there is limited mechanical data on Bioglass 8625, this study was undertaken to provide a preliminary assessment of the reason for the failure. Three-point bend test and finite element analysis (FEA), based on three possible loading configurations during male Blackbuck antelope fighting, were used in this investigation. The flexural strength of the capsule was found to be 250 ± 50 MPa. FEA analysis, using the peak fighting force (456 N) of the Blackbuck antelope, showed that the stress distribution resulting from all three loading configurations greatly exceeded the flexural strength of the Bioglass 8625 capsules. It is reasonable to conclude that the Bioglass 8625 capsule is highly likely to fracture under the current condition of utilization. Based on FEA simulation, a capsule with increased wall thickness has been recommended.