Ways to solve ecological problems of natural ecosystems amid constantly increasing anthropogenic load

Abstract

The article describes the impact of human activities on the environment. In general, arable farming leads to more significant changes in natural biocenoses than cattle breeding. Steppes plowing, deforestation and forest burning aimed to obtain arable land as well as construction of irrigation systems have radically changed the natural landscapes. The article considers the state of natural ecosystems to date. The work emphasizes that the main receiver of pollution is water bodies, mostly small rivers. The need for measures aimed to reduce the degree of environmental pollution, specifically, at minimizing anthropogenic impacts on nature, is noted. The most significant changes in nature occurred with the development of industry. Industrial production has required more and more natural resources in the economic turnover. In connection with their intensive exploitation, the share of lands used for industrial development of minerals, the construction of roads, settlements, and the creation of reservoirs has increased. The exploitation of natural resources being spontaneous and ever-increasing in its pace and scale leads to their rapid depletion and increasing environment pollution. Substantially, man, engaged in agriculture, created new artificial (anthropogenic) systems being agrocenoses, deliberately controlled by the selection of cultivated plants, reclamation, agricultural technology, the use of fertilizers and pesticides, harvesting, etc.