Acute effects of low doses of alcohol on left ventricular function by echocardiography

Abstract

The ultrasound method for measuring the dimensions of the left ventricle was utilized to study the effect of oral doses of alcohol on left ventricular function in normal volunteers. Systolic time intervals were also measured. Seven subjects received 0.7 g/kg of ethanol (group I) and 6 subjects received 1.15 g/kg (group 11). The peak blood alcohol levels in the two groups were 75 mg/100 ml and 138 mg/100 ml respectively. There was a 6% decrease in the fractional change in the minor axis of the left ventricle in group I patients which resulted in a decrease in ejection fraction (p<0.05). In group II patients, there was a 3% decrease in the fractional change in the minor axis of the left ventricle, but the change in ejection fraction was not significant. Since there was no significant difference between the physiological effects observed in groups I and II, the 2 groups were combined. In the combined group, at 30 min after the ingestion of alcohol, the heart rate was increased by 11%, the fractional change in the minor axis of the left ventricle decreased by 6%, the ejection fraction decreased by 4% (p<0.01), and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening V(cf) decreased by 5%. These data suggest that in normal subjects myocardial contractility is depressed following the ingestion of alcohol.