IL-37 Expression Is Downregulated in Lesional Psoriasis Skin

Abstract

IL-37 broadly suppresses inflammation in various disease models. However, studies of the regulation and role of IL-37 in psoriasis are limited and contradictive. Using transcriptome analysis, PCR, protein determination, and immunofluorescence, we demonstrated marked downregulation of IL-37 in biopsies from human lesional psoriasis skin compared with paired samples of nonlesional skin. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that IL-37 was localized to stratum granulosum of the epidermis. TNF-α stimulation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes led to increased IL37 expression through a p38 MAPK-mediated mechanism, whereas IL-17A, IL-17C, IL-17F, and IL-22 acted suppressively. Intradermal injection with recombinant human IL-37 into imiquimod-induced psoriasis skin of C57BL/6J mice demonstrated a trend toward a protective effect, however NS. Altogether, these results demonstrate that IL-37 is downregulated in human lesional psoriasis skin. This may be a consequence of the loss of stratum granulosum, but key cytokines in the development of psoriasis also seem to contribute to this downregulation.