In vitro biosynthesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing signal molecule N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

Abstract

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, synthesis of the quorum-sensing signal molecules N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (BHL) and N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (HHL) requires the LuxI homologue RhII(Vsml). By using thin-layer chromatography in conjunction with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry, we show that purified RhII can catalyse the biosynthesis of BHL and HHL using either S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) or homoserine lactone (HSL) but not homoserine as the source of the homoserine lactone moiety. As we were unable to detect homoserine lactone in cytoplasmic extracts of Escherichia cell, we conclude that SAM is the natural substrate for RhII-directed N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) biosynthesis. The N-acyl chain of BHL and HHL, can be supplied by the appropriately charged coenzyme A derivative (either n-butanoyl-CoA or n-hexanoyl-CoA). The specificity of RhII for charged CoA derivatives is demonstrated as RhII was unable to generate AHLs detectable in our bioassays from acetyl-CoA, malonylCoA, n-octanoyl-CoA, n-decanoyl-CoA, DL-β-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA or crotonoyl-CoA, RhII was also unable to use N-acetyl-S-3-oxobutanoylcysteamine, a chemical mimic for 3-oxobutanoyl-CoA. Furthermore, the RhI-catalysed synthesis of BHL and HHL, was most efficiently driven when NADPH was included in the reaction mixture.