Echocardiographic Changes in Patients with ESRD on Maintenance Hemodialysis-A Single Centre Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate and analyze the echocardiographic changes in end stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Material and methods: End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis for at least 3 months were included in the study. We performed M-mode echocardiography in 35 ESRD patients during inter-dialytic period usually after 18 hours, without obvious clinical evidence of coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease and pericardial effusion. Results: Echocardiography revealed LV dilation and diastolic dysfunction in 18 (51.2%), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 17 (48%), systolic dysfunction and pericardial effusion in 10 (28.57%) and 6 (17.14%) patients respectively. RWMA was present in 8.5% and valvular calcification was not seen in our patient group. In subgroup of patients with Hb<10 gm%, LVH was present in 71.42% (15) vs 14.28% (2) in patient group with Hb ≥ 10 gm% (p=0.002). Hypertensive patient population also had higher prevalence of LVH (51.85%)] and systolic dysfunction and RWMA was absent in normotensive group. Conclusion: LV diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophy were most common echocardiographic findings. There was statistically significant correlation between anemia and presence of LVH and positive correlation between presence of hypertension and LVH.