Active ingredients for industrial seeds treatment in wheat crop1

Abstract

Industrial seed treatment is a modern agricultural practice that aims to provide protection of seeds and seedlings from pests, diseases, and pathogens in the early stages of crops. The research with wheat cultivars aims to evaluate the effects of industrial seed treatments and their influence on agronomic and morphological traits. A randomized block design was used, arranged in a factorial scheme (10 × 2 × 2), with 10 treatments Imidacloprid; Thiodicarb; Imidacloprid + Thiodicarb; Pyraclostrobin (Thiophanate-methyl + Fipronil); Fluxapyroxad; Fluxapyroxad + Imidacloprid; Fluxapyroxad + Thiodicarb; Fluxapyroxad + Imidacloprid + Thiodicarb; Fluxapyroxad + Pyraclostrobin (Thiophanate-methyl + Fipronil); control (without any product application), two cultivars (TBIO Sossego and ORS 1401), two sowing dates (June and July) and four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: plant stand, number of tillers, hectoliter weight, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield. The means of the variables were subjected to individual variance analysis and grouped by the Scott-Knott test at p ≤ 0.05. Additionally, 15 non-orthogonal contrasts were performed. The neonicotinoid active ingredient in the industrial treatment increased the number of tillers, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield. The carboxamide fungicide, alone or in combination, positively affected the plant stand. Treatment with fungicides or insecticides increases the grain yield of the evaluated cultivars. The agronomic and morphological traits were influenced by the sowing dates, with the second date showing the best grain yield. The TBIO Sossego cultivar showed higher values for plant stand, thousand-grain weight, and grain yield than ORS 1401 under the field conditions evaluated.