The biological as a double limit for artificial intelligence: Review and futuristic debate

Abstract

This paper aims to identify to what extent artificial intelligence (AI) is biologically limited and to launch a debate on the issue of overcoming these limitations. To achieve our goal, we utilized a qualitative research methodology framework, providing an in-depth analysis of AI limitations formulated by prominent scholars within this field of specialization. We found that the biological boundary imposes a double limitation on AI, both from a gnoseological perspective and from a technological perspective. This twofold limitation of AI underpins the idea that as long as the biological cannot be understood, formalized, and imitated, we will not be able to develop technologies that mimic it. By adopting an original approach, our research paper focused on mapping out the twofold limitation of the biological with reference to the success of AI. Special attention was paid to the motivational analysis of this limitation in terms of human existence, the opportunity and utility to create artificial intelligences as superior to the human-like condition. We have opened the door for future debates on the need to decode cellular communication by understanding and developing a natural language of the living cell (N2LC). Based on the present research, we proposed that within the current technological context, biological computers (biocomputing) could represent a so-called invisible hand outstretched by biological systems towards AI.