Abnormalities of Peripheral Nerve Conduction in Relation to Thiamine Status in Alcoholic Patients

Abstract

Thiamine status was evaluated using the erythrocyte transketolase activation assay in 20 alcoholic patients admitted on a voluntary basis to a Detoxification Unit. Electromyographic evaluation revealed significant reductions of motor and sensory conduction velocities in the alcoholic group. 38% of alcoholic patients had at least one abnormal peripheral nerve conduction parameter. Findings were consistent with an axonal type of neuropathy. 30% of alcoholic patients showed significant erythrocyte transketolase activation deficits indicative of severe thiamine deficiency. In the case of peroneal nerve, reduced conduction velocities were negatively correlated with abnormal transketolase parameters. These findings are consistent with a contributory (but not exclusive) role of thiamine deficiency in the pathogenesis of alcoholic peripheral neuropathy. Deficiencies of other vitamins as well as direct neurotoxic effects of alcohol could also be involved in this phenomenon. © 1991, Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation. All rights reserved.