Coordinated voltage and reactive power control of offshore HVAC meshed grid and wind power

Abstract

The Kriegers Flak combined grid solution (KF CGS) is the first hybrid-asset project utilising an offshore high voltage alternating current/high voltage direct current (HVAC/HVDC) interconnector for large offshore wind power plants between Eastern Denmark and Germany in the Baltic Sea. On the Danish side, above 200 km 220 kV cables are arranged into a meshed offshore transmission grid (MOG). In order to maintain good voltages in the MOG and wind power plants, on the Danish side, the control is realised by an automatic voltage regulation and reactive power control (AVR/RPC) of several switchable and variable reactors and transformers with tap-position controllers, and the wind power plant controllers (WPPC); on the German side, the voltage control is achieved by the HVDC back-to-back converter, WPPC, and part of the optimal power flow by the master controller for interconnector operation. This paper presents the proposed coordinated voltage and RPC of the HVAC MOG on the Danish side of the KF CGS interconnector. The efficiency and constraints of the proposed coordinated control scheme of the KF CGS at fluctuating voltage and reactive power on both ends of the MOG are presented by simulations using the entire set up of the 220 kV AC MOG.