Telematic system for monitoring the condition of assemblies and units of agricultural machinery

Abstract

This paper presents a sophisticated telematics system designed to monitor the condition of agricultural machinery in real time, with particular emphasis on predictive maintenance and operational efficiency. The system architecture consists of several key components, including a data acquisition, storage and processing unit, a data transmission module and a specialized set of sensors for analyzing particulate matter in lubricating fluids. The main sensor of the system is a particle counter in the fluid stream, which serves as the primary detection mechanism for monitoring the level of solid contaminants in the lubricating fluid. In addition, data is supplied from the engine control unit via a K-Line communication bus, which allows the monitoring data set to be extended to include key operating parameters. Mobile wireless networks are used for data transmission, providing remote, continuous access to equipment status data, allowing operators and maintenance teams to analyze equipment status regardless of geographic location. This enables early assessment of machine health based on real-time analysis of lubricating fluid. The system monitors key parameters such as particle count, fluid pressure and viscosity, providing valuable insights into wear status and contamination levels that directly affect component longevity. The proposed system is characterized by its ability to anticipate the need for maintenance by evaluating metrics in real time, which enables the identification of preliminary signs of wear or failure. Using anomaly detection algorithms, the system evaluates deviations from established performance standards and generates alerts to notify operators of impending problems. This proactive approach minimizes the occurrence of unexpected equipment failures, thereby reducing downtime. In addition, these systems help optimize equipment performance and improve overall operational efficiency, thereby supporting the long-term sustainability of agricultural equipment in challenging field conditions.