Evaluación de tres métodos de polinización artificial en clones de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) CCN-51

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate three methods of artificial pollination in clonal cacao CCN-51 seven-year-old at the Hacienda San Antonio, located at km 16 of the way Quevedo - El Empalme. The evaluated variable were number of fertilized flowers; fruits harvested healthy number, total weight of fruit (g), seed number and estimated yield kg ha–1. The treatments were: T0 = natural pollination (control), T1 = manual Pollination, T2 = air pressure with neblinadora about flowers trunk cocoa, T3 = air pressure with neblinadora on the floor, the design was completely randomized with four replicates. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with Tukey test (p ≥ 0.05). The variable number of flowers pollinated T1 recorded 28 hand pollination flowers, statistically different from T0 (control) with 15 flowers. For healthy fruits harvested the best treatment was 6.5 T3 statistical significance were no found. For total fruit weight natural pollination (control) had the lowest 857.16 g value T2 statistically different air pressure to the trunk and T3 air pressure to 938.09 and 937.36 soil g, respectively. For the variable number of seeds the best treatment was T3 with 43.91 almonds for which no statistical difference according to Tukey (p ≥ 0.05) and yield (kg ha–1) was the best treatment with T3 1243.64 kg not found statistical significance. It was concluded that the best methods for pollinate clonal cacao CCN-51 is by applying air pressure to the floor and trunk.