Electrical actuation at nanoscale: Controlled orientation of proteins during immobilization

Abstract

Here, we demonstrate the ability to control protein orientation using electrical field. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to verify that the application of electric field results in modulation of the orientation of antibodies (IgG molecules) and also enhancement of immobilization. We also demonstrate the applicability of this technique to improve the performance of fluorescent affinity biosensors.