Production of high quality empty fruit bunch pellet by water washing and torrefaction

Abstract

EFB pellet is the high potential biomass for combustion process due to the relatively high heating value and the high availability in the Southern of Thailand. However, the containing of high unwanted minerals, especially K and Cl is the main drawback of EFB pellet which causing the ash fouling or/and slagging during the combustion. In this study, the high quality EFB pellets (low K, low Cl, high heating value) were produced by applying the water washing and torrefaction methods. For water washing treatment, the effect of water and acetic acid solution on the mineral content of EFB pellet was studied. In addition, the effect of torrefaction temperature (250, 280 and 300 ºC) on the quality of EFB pellet was investigated. Results revealed that the ash content of the washed EFB decreased from 5.3 % to 3.0 % and 0.7 % by washing with tap water and acetic acid solution, respectively. Comparing with the raw EFB pellet, K and Cl in ash were significantly reduced by washing about 60 % and 88 %, respectively. Heating value of the EFB and washed EFB pellet were increased after torrefaction with the higher temperature. The water washed EFB pellet and torrefied at 300 ºC gave the highest heating value about 24.3 MJ/kg. It was 33% increased HHV when comparing with raw EFB pellet.