COMPLEX PROCESSING OF EARTH REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR PREDICTION OF LANDSLIDE PROCESSES ON ROADS IN MOUNTAIN AREA

Abstract

Today, the economic development of mountain territories leads to the fact that mountain ecosystems are undergoing significant changes in land use. Highways in mountainous areas are practically the only transport routes. Their construction and other facilities lead to a sharp increase in man-made loads on the natural environment and to an increase in the danger of its significant negative change. Based on the above, engineering-geological studies of exogenous processes are now becoming increasingly important. Landslide processes are the most common and at the same time the most complex, lengthy and multifactorial, causing significant material damage. The study of the mechanisms of landslide processes with the involvement of modern satellite technologies is part of a global project funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic «Design of an intelligent system to forecast landslides’ processes and their influence on the roads’ technical and operational characteristics». Within the framework of this project, new knowledge will be gained in the theory of forecasting the occurrence of landslide processes and their impact on the technical and economic indicators of highways, which undoubtedly has applied significance and contributes to the widespread introduction of intelligent systems for forecasting and making industry decisions. This project is especially relevant for the road industry of Kazakhstan, as issues related to the destruction of roads under the influence of natural disasters, such as landslides, remain poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to survey the landslide slope in the area of the «Almaty-Cosmostation» highway and identify the causes of the destruction of the highway for the development of recommendations. This site was chosen due to the extreme danger associated with the possible closure of the river flowing through the gorges along the road under study due to a landslide slope. This can lead to a change in the riverbed, the formation of a strong water flow, which will create a danger to the population, will lead to significant material damage.