Eficiência do controle da ferrugem asiática da soja em função do momento de aplicação sob condições de epidemia em Londrina, PR

Abstract

Fungicide trials were carried out in Londrina, PR, Brazil, during the 2005/06 and 2006/07 growing seasons with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of fungicide in Asian soybean rust control at different application times. A premix of 60 g azoxystrobin ha-1 + 24 g cyproconazole ha-1 was applied at different growth stages starting at R2 up to R5.5, and compared to two applications at R2 and R5.1. Following disease onset, disease severity was assessed periodically to calculate the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Plot yield was evaluated at harvest. Disease onset in both growing seasons occurred at the vegetative stage. In the 2005/06 season, the two-application treatment was the most efficient in reducing severity and AUDPC and increasing yield. In the 2006/07 season, both two applications and a single application at R3 reduced severity and AUDPC and increased yield compared to other treatments. A highly significant negative correlation was found between disease variables (severity at R6 and AUDPC) and yield in the two seasons (-0.83 and -0.84 in 2005/06 and -0.87 and -0.89 in 2006/07). Fungicide application with disease severity levels around 50% resulted in yield similar to the untreated control.