Comparison of bacteremic pneumonia caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae A retrospective study

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the prognosis of bacteremic pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathogens. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical data of 162 patients who were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia caused by either K. pneumoniae or E. coli between 2016-2019. The primary outcome of the analysis was the patients' 30-day mortality rate. Results: There were 82 patients in the E. coli bacteremic pneumonia (E. coli-BP) group and 80 patients in the K. pneumoniae bacteremic pneumonia (KP-BP) group. The 30-day mortality rate was 43.75% (n=35/80) in the KP-BP group and 21.95% (n=18/82) in the E. coli-BP group (p<0.001). Following the adjustment for confounding variables in 4 distinct models, the hazard ratios for the primary outcome in KP-BP were determined to be 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.44-1.02]) in Model 1, 0.72 (95% CI: [0.46-1.14]) in Model 2, 0.99 (95% CI: [0.57-1.73]) in Model 3, and 1.22 (95% CI: [0.69-2.18]) in Model 4. Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with KP-BP exhibited a similar prognosis as those diagnosed with E. coli-BP. For patients with KP-BP, the risk of mortality was significantly higher for those who were in the intensive care unit, were infected with carbapenem-resistant strains, or had a high sequential organ failure assessment score. In patients with E. coli-BP, the Pitt bacteremia score was strongly associated with the 30-day mortality rate.