A survey on internet of vehicles: Applications, technologies, challenges and opportunities

Abstract

This work aims to provide a survey on internet of things (IoT), internet of vehicles (IoV) and internet of everything (IoE). The internet of things (IoT) provides interconnection between various physical devices such as sensors devices, mobile phones, laptop, PDA and so on. Nowadays, IoT also enables connection between vehicles, buildings and other items that are fixed with sensors, actuators and gateways. Internet of vehicles (IoV) is identified from the internet of things (IoT). Internet of vehicles (IoV) is used to make an interconnection between the things, vehicles and environments to transfer the data and information between the networks. Internet of everything is an enhanced version of internet-based technologies such as internet of things, internet of humans and internet of digital. IoE provides end to end connectivity among procedures, knowledge and ideas engaged across all connectivity use cases. This paper discusses various challenges and issues in modern IoT, IoV, and IoE system. In addition, this paper also discusses security issues and various application of IoT in healthcare. Though IoT devices are used in modern applications with good performance, however, some challenges still exist. In order to overcome these issues, various open research problems are identified in this paper.